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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
applications. The result is a low-cost, smaller and lighter charger than a conventional design or a linear transformer. To minimize the standby power consumption, the proprietary green-mode function provides off-time modulation to linearly decrease PWM frequency under light-load conditions. This green-mode function allows the power supply to meet power conservation requirements. The start-up current is only 10A, which allows large start-up resistance for further power saving. A charger can be implemented with few external components and minimal cost. A typical output CV/CC characteristic envelope is shown in Figure 1.
Vo(V)
FEATURES
Constant-voltage (CV) and constant-current (CC) control without secondary-feedback circuitry Green-mode function: PWM frequency linearly decreasing Fixed PWM frequency at 42kHz with frequency hopping to solve EMI problems Low start-up current: 10A (typical) Low operating current: 6.5mA (typical) Peak-current-mode control in CV mode Cycle-by-cycle current limiting VDD over-voltage protection with latch (OVP) VDD under-voltage lockout (UVLO) Gate output maximum voltage clamped at 18V Fixed over-temperature protection with latch
+/- 10%
APPLICATIONS
Battery chargers for cellular phones, cordless phones, PDA, digital cameras, and power tools Replacement for linear transformer and RCC SMPS
DESCRIPTION
This highly integrated PWM controller provides several features to enhance the performance of low-power flyback converters. The patented topology of SGP100 enables simplified circuit design for battery charger
+/- 10%
Io(mA)
Figure 1. Typical Output V-I Characteristic
TYPICAL APPLICATION
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
-1-
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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
MARKING INFORMATION
PIN CONFIGURATION
SGP100TP
XXXXXXXXYWWV
T: S=SOP P : Z=Lead Free + ROHS Compatible Null=regular package XXXXXXXX: Wafer Lot Y: Year; WW: Week V: Assembly Location
SOP-8 CS PGND COMI COMV 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 GATE VDD SGND VS
ORDERING INFORMATION
Part Number
SGP100SZ
Pb-Free
Package
8-pin SOP-8
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
Name
CS PGND COMI COMV VS SGND VDD GATE
Pin No. Type
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Analog Input Ground Analog Output Analog Output Analog Input Ground Supply Driver Output
Function
Current sense. Connected to a current-sense resistor for peak-current-mode control in CV mode. The current-sense signal is also provided for output-current regulation in CC mode. Power ground. Current compensation. Output of the current error amplifier. Connect a capacitor between the COMI pin and SGND for frequency compensation. Voltage compensation. Output of the voltage error amplifier. Connect a capacitor between the COMV pin and SGND for frequency compensation. Voltage sense. Output-voltage-sense input for output-voltage regulation. Signal ground. Power supply. The totem-pole output driver to drive the power MOSFET.
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
-2-
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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
BLOCK DIAGRAM
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Symbol
VDD VL PD RJC TJ TSTG TL ESD
Parameter
DC Supply Voltage* Input Voltage to CS, COMV, COMI, VS Pins Power Dissipation Thermal Resistance (Junction-to-Case) Operating Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Range Lead Temperature (Wave Soldering or Infrared, 10 Seconds) Electrostatic Discharge Capability, Human Body Model Electrostatic Discharge Capability, Machine Model
Value
30 -0.3 to 7.0 400 68.3 -40 to +125 -55 to +150 260 4.5 200
Unit
V V mW C/W C C C kV V
*All voltage values, except differential voltages, are given with respect to the GND pin. *Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Symbol
TA
Parameter
Operating Ambient Temperature
Max.
-20 to +85
Unit
C
*For proper operation.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VCC=15V, TA=25C, unless otherwise noted.
VDD Section
Symbol
VOP VDD-ON VDD-OFF IDD-ST IDD-OP VDD-OVP TOVP IDD-OVP
Parameter
Continuously Operating Voltage Turn-on Threshold Voltage Turn-off Threshold Voltage Start-up Current Operating Supply Current VDD Over-Voltage Protection Level VDD Over-Voltage Protection Debounce
Test Condition
Min.
15 6.25
Typ.
16 6.75 10 6.5
Max.
25 17 7.25 20 7.5 29 180 50
Unit
V V V A mA V s A
0< VDD < VDD-ON-0.16V VDD=20V, FS=FOSC, CL=1nF 27 Fs=FOSC 90 10
28 130 30
VDD Over-Voltage Protection Holding Current VDD=5V
Oscillator Section
Symbol
FOSC TFHP FOSC-N-MIN FOSC-CM-MIN
Parameter
Frequency Center frequency Frequency Hopping Range
Test Condition
Min.
39 2.2 2.75 350 20
Typ.
42 2.6 3.00 500 25
Max.
45 3 3.25 650 35
Unit
kHz ms Hz kHz
Frequency Hopping Period Minimum Frequency at No-load Minimum Frequency at CCM
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
Voltage-Sense Section
Symbol
TRATIO ITC-25
Parameter
Proportion of TON and TDIS for Brownout Protection* CV Temperature Compensation Current
Test Condition
TON /TDIS
Min.
Typ.
1.5
Max.
Unit
9
10
11
A
* Guaranteed by design.
Current-Sense Section
Symbol
ZCS TPD TLEB TMIN-N VSLOPE DSAW VTH-VA VTH-FT
Parameter
Filter Resistance Propagation Delay to GATE Output Leading-Edge Blanking Time Minimum On-time at No Load Slope Compensation* Duty Cycle of SAW Limiter* Valley Threshold Voltage for Current Limit Flat threshold Voltage for Current Limit
Test Condition
Min.
Typ.
2 150
Max.
200 1225 1350 0.43 45
Unit
k ns ns ns V % V V
TMIN-N-TPD
825 1075 0.37 35 VTH-FT - 0.4 1.2
1025 1200 0.40 40
VTH-FT - 0.25 VTH-FT - 0.1 1.3 1.5
* Guaranteed by design.
VTH - FT
40%
VTH -VA
DCYMAX
Saw Limiter
Voltage Error Amplifier Section
Symbol
VVR VN VG SG IV-SINK IV-SOURCE VV-HIGH
Parameter
Reference Voltage Green-Mode Starting Voltage Green-Mode Ending Voltage Green-Mode Frequency Decreasing Rate Output Sink Current Output Source Current Output High Voltage
Test Condition
FS=FOSC-2KHz FS=1KHz SG=(FOSC-3KHz)/(VN-VG) VVS=3V, VCOMV=2.5V VVS=2V, VCOMV=2.5V VVS=2.3V
Min.
2.475 1.55 25 85 85 4.5
Typ.
2.500 1.70 0.55 35 100 100
Max.
2.525 1.85 0.90 45 115 115
Unit
V V V Hz/mV A A V
Current Error Amplifier Section
Symbol
VIR II-SINK II-SOURCE VI-HIGH
Parameter
Reference Voltage Output Sink Current Output Source Current Output High Voltage
Test Condition
VCS=3V, VCOMI=2.5V VCS=0.5V, VCOMI=2.5V VCS=0.5V
Min.
2.475 40 40 4.5
Typ.
2.500 60 60
Max.
2.525 80 80
Unit
V A A V
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
-5-
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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
GATE Section
Symbol
DCYMAX VOL VOH TR TF VCLAMP
Parameter
Maximum Duty Cycle Output Voltage Low Output Voltage High Rising Time Falling Time Output Clamp Voltage
Test Condition
VDD=20V, IO=10mA VDD=8V, IO=1mA VDD=20V, CL=1nF VDD=20V, CL=1nF VDD=25V
Min.
70 5
Typ.
75
Max.
80 1.5
Unit
% V V ns ns
200 80 15 18
V
Over-Temperature Protection Section
Symbol
TOTP
Parameter
Threshold Temperature for OTP*+
Test Condition
Min.
135
Typ.
150
Max.
165
Unit
o
C
* Guaranteed by design.
+
When the over-temperature protection is activated, the power system enters latch mode and output is disabled.
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
-6-
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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Operation C urrent (I DD-O P ) vs Temperature
7.000 6.500
17.0 16.6
Turn_O n Threshold Voltage (V DD-O N) vs Temperature
I DD-O P (mA)
VDD-O N (V)
6.000 5.500 5.000 4.500 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
16.2 15.8 15.4 15.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature ()
Temperature ()
Turn-O ff Threshold Voltage (V DD-O F F ) vs Temperature
8.0 7.6
C enter Frequency (F O S C ) vs Temperature
47.000 45.000
F osc (KHz)
VDD-O F F (V)
7.2 6.8 6.4 6.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
43.000 41.000 39.000 37.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature ()
Temperature ()
Reference voltage (Vvr) vs Temperature
2.600 2.560
2.60 2.56
Reference Voltage (V Ir) vs Temperature
Vvr (V)
V Ir (V )
2.520 2.480 2.440 2.400 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
2.52 2.48 2.44 2.40 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature ()
Temperature ( )
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
-7-
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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
Min. Frequence at No-Load (F O S C -N-MIN) vs Temperature
600.0
Min. Frequency if CCM (FOSC-CM-MIN) vs Temperature
32.00
520.0 480.0 440.0 400.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
FOSC-CM-MIN (K H z )
F O S C -N-MIN (Hz)
560.0
30.00 28.00 26.00 24.00 22.00 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature ()
Temperature ()
G reen-Mode Frequency Decreasing Rate (S G ) vs Temperature
45.0
1500.0 1400.0
Min. On Time (Tmin) vs Temperature
SG (Hz/ mV)
40.0 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Tm in (nS )
1300.0 1200.0 1100.0 1000.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature ()
Temperature ()
Leading Edge Blanking Time (T L E B ) vs Temperature
G reen-Mode S tarting Voltage (V N) vs Temperature
1300.0 1200.0
1.800 1.740
TLEB (nS)
1100.0 1000.0 900.0 800.0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
VN (V)
1.680 1.620 1.560 1.500 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature ()
Temperature ()
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
-8-
www.sg.com.tw * www.fairchildsemi.com September 26, 2007
Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
Green-M ode End ing Vol tag e (Vg ) vs Temperature
0.90 0.80
80.000 70.000
Output Sink C urrent (I INK ) vs Temperature I-S
II-SINK (uA)
V G (V)
0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
60.000 50.000 40.000 30.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature ()
Temperature ()
Output S ource C urrent (I O URC E ) vs Temperature I-S
80.000
Output S ink C urrent (I -S INK ) vs Temperature V
120.000 110.000
II-SOURCE (uA)
70.000 60.000 50.000 40.000 30.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
IV-SINK (uA)
100.000 90.000 80.000 70.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Temperature ()
Temperature ()
O utput Source C urrent (I -S O URC E ) vs Temperature V
120.000 110.000 100.000 90.000 80.000 70.000 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
Maximum Duty C ycle (DC Y MA X ) vs Temperature
81.00 79.00 77.00 75.00 73.00 71.00 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
IV-SOURCE (uA)
Temperature ()
DC Y MA X (% )
Temperature ()
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
-9-
www.sg.com.tw * www.fairchildsemi.com September 26, 2007
Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
OPERATION DESCRIPTION
The patented topology of SGP100 enables simplified circuit design for battery charger applications. Without secondary feedback circuitry, the CV and CC control can be achieved accurately. As shown in Figure 2, with the frequency-hopping PWM operation, EMI problem can be solved using minimized filter components. SGP100 also provides many protection functions. The VDD pin is equipped with over-voltage protection and under-voltage lockout. Pulse-by-pulse current limiting and CC control ensure over-current protection at heavy loads. The GATE output is clamped at 18V to protect the external MOSFET from over-voltage damage. Also, the internal over-temperature protection shuts down the controller with latch when over heated.
Gate Signal
SGP100 uses the positive, proportional, output load parameter (VCOMV) as an indication of the output load for modulating the PWM frequency. In heavy load conditions, the PWM frequency is fixed at 42KHz. Once VCOMV is lower than VN, the PWM frequency starts to linearly decrease from 42KHz to 500Hz (0.55V), providing further power savings and meeting international power conservation requirements.
Frequency
42KHz 40KHz
1KHz 500Hz
VG
44.6KHz
+/- 2.6KHz
VN
VCOMV
Figure 3. Green-Mode Operation Frequency vs. VCOMV
39.4KHz
Frequency Hopping Period 3mS
Figure 2. Frequency Hopping
Constant Voltage (CV) and Constant Current (CC) Operation
An innovative technique of the SGP100 can accurately achieve CV/CC characteristic output without secondary side voltage or current-feedback circuitry. There is a feedback signal for CV/CC operation from the reflected voltage across the primary auxiliary winding. This voltage signal is proportional to secondary winding, so it provides controller the feedback signal from secondary side and achieves constant-voltage output. In constant-current output, this voltage signal is detected and examined by the precise constant current regulation controller, which determines the on-time of the MOSFET to control input power and provide constant-current output. With feedback voltage VCS across the current-sense resistor, the controller can obtain the input power of power supply. Therefore, the region of constant current output operation can be adjusted by a current-sense resistor.
Start-up Current
The start-up current is only 10A. Low start-up current allows a start-up resistor with high resistance and low-wattage to supply the start-up power for the controller. A 1.5M, 0.25W start-up resistor and a 10F/25V VDD hold-up capacitor are sufficient for an AC-to-DC power adapter with a wide input range (90VAC to 264VAC).
Operating Current
The operating current has been reduced to 6.5mA. The low operating current results in higher efficiency and reduces the VDD hold-up capacitance requirement.
Green-Mode Operation
Figure 3 shows the characteristics of the PWM frequency vs. the output voltage of the error amplifier (VCOMV). The (c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1) - 10 -
www.sg.com.tw * www.fairchildsemi.com September 26, 2007
Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100 VDD Over-Voltage Protection
VDD over-voltage protection prevents damage due to over-voltage conditions. When the voltage VDD exceeds 28V due to abnormal conditions, PWM output is latched off. Over-voltage conditions are usually caused by open feedback loops.
Temperature Compensation
The SGP100 has built-in temperature compensation circuitry to provide constant reliable voltage regulation at differing ambient temperatures. This internal positive temperature coefficient (PTC) compensation current is used to compensate for the temperature due to the forward-voltage drop of the diode output. The internal PTC current passes through the external resistor (R1). The value of R1 determines the temperature compensation amount. The suggested value for R1 is 10~20K with a +/-1% tolerance value.
Temperature Compensation
Over-Temperature Protection (OTP)
The SGP100 has a built-in temperature sensing circuit to shut down the PWM output then enters latch mode once the junction temperature exceeds 150C. When the PWM output shuts down, the VDD voltage gradually drops to the UVLO voltage. The PWM controller does not release latch mode until the AC is unplugged.
PTC
Vs
R1
10k~20k 1%
+ VR1 -
Auxiliary Winding
Gate Output
The SGP100 BiCMOS output stage is a fast totem pole gate driver. Cross conduction is avoided to minimize heat dissipation, increase efficiency, and enhance reliability. The output driver is clamped by an internal 18V Zener diode to protect power MOSFET transistors from undesired over-voltage gate signals.
SGP100
Figure 4. Temperature Compensation
Leading-Edge Blanking
Each time the power MOSFET is switched on, a turn-on spike occurs at the sense resistor. To avoid premature termination of the switching pulse, a 150ns leading-edge blanking time is built in. Conventional RC filtering can therefore be omitted. During this blanking period, the current-limit comparator is disabled and cannot switch off the gate driver.
Built-in Slope Compensation
The sensed voltage across the current-sense resistor is used for current mode control and pulse-by-pulse current limiting. Built-in slope compensation improves stability and prevent sub-harmonic oscillations due to peak-current mode control. The SGP100 has a synchronized, positively-sloped ramp built-in at each switching cycle.
Noise Immunity Under-Voltage Lockout (UVLO)
The turn-on and turn-off thresholds are fixed internally at 16V/6.75V. During start-up, the hold-up capacitor must be charged to 16V through the start-up resistor, so that the SGP100 is enabled. The hold-up capacitor continues to supply VDD until power can be delivered from the auxiliary winding of the main transformer. VDD must not drop below 6.75V during this start-up process. This UVLO hysteresis window ensures that hold-up capacitor is adequate to supply VDD during start-up. Noise from the current sense or the control signal can cause significant pulse width jitter. While slope compensation helps alleviate these problems, further precautions should still be taken. Good placement and layout practices should be followed. Avoiding long PCB traces and component leads, locating compensation and filter components near the SGP100, and increasing the power MOS gate resistance improves performance.
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
- 11 -
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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
REFERENCE CIRCUIT 5W Flyback 5V/1A Circuit
R13
L AC input N
L1
BD1 T1
R11
D4
C8
L2
R8
C5
C9
C1
C2
D3
R1
C10
R12
D1
C3
R2
R3
U1
7
VDD
VS 5
C4
R4
D2
3 COMI
C7 R10
GATE
8 1
R5 R6
R7
4 COMV
CS
PGND
C6 R9
6
SGND
2
SGP100
BOM List
Symbol Component
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 BD1 D1 D2 Resistor 1.5M 1/2 W Resistor 4.7 Resistor 115K 1% Resistor 18K 1% Resistor 47 Resistor 100 Resistor 1.4 1/2W 1% Resistor 150K 1/2W Resistor 200K Resistor 56K Resistor 47 Resistor 510
Symbol Component
D3 D4 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 Diode 1A/1000V FR107 Diode 5A/60V SB560 Electrolytic Capacitor 1F/400V Electrolytic Capacitor 10F/400V Electrolytic Capacitor 10F/50V MLCC X7R 47pF Snubber Cap. 222pF/1KV MLCC X7R 683pF MLCC X7R 103pF MLCC 102pF/100V Electrolytic Cap. 560F/10V L-ESR Electrolytic Cap. 330F/10V L-ESR Inductor 1mH Inductor 5H Fairchild 2A/600V 2N60 TO-251 SGP100
Symbol Component
TR1 EE-16 Lm=1.5mH Pri:Sec:Aux=135:10:33
WireWound Resistor 18 L1 Rectifier Diode 1N4007 *4 L2 Diode 1A/200V FR103 Diode 1N4148 Q1 U1
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
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Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
PACKAGE INFORMATION 8PINS-SOP(S)
8 5 C
1 b
4 e
D
A1
A
DIMENSIONS
Symbol
A A1 b c D E e F H L
Millimeter Min. Typ.
1.346 0.101 0.406 0.203 4.648 3.810 1.016 5.791 0.406 0
Max.
1.752 0.254
1.270 0.381X45
4.978 3.987 1.524 6.197 1.270 8
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
H F
E
L
Inch Min.
0.053 0.004
Typ.
0.016 0.008
Max.
0.069 0.010
0.183 0.150 0.040 0.228 0.016 0
0.050 0.015X45
0.196 0.157 0.060 0.244 0.050 8
- 13 -
www.sg.com.tw * www.fairchildsemi.com September 26, 2007
Product Specification Primary-side-control PWM Controller
SGP100
(c) System General Corp. Version 1.1.1 (IAO33.0042.B1)
- 14 -
www.sg.com.tw * www.fairchildsemi.com September 26, 2007

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